when to transplant tomato seedlings temperature

Since long seedlings of tomatoes do not produce fruitful bushes, the problem cannot be ignored. Why is soil temperature for transplanting vegetables important? This process usually takes place after the plant has been started from seed in optimal growing conditions. Gardeners begin the preparation process in March, and sometimes even earlier (if it is planned to plant the plants in heated greenhouses). You can jump to where you want to be by clicking on the different sections below. This is especially important if you are growing an indeterminate variety, as they need a very strong foundation. Here are the minimum soil temperatures for vegetables that are direct sowed: 35 F – lettuce, spinach and other salad greens50 F – onions45 F – radishes50 F – beets, Swiss chard60 F – beans, snap and dry70 F – beans, lima40 F – peas60 F – corn. What kind of soil should I use to transplant tomatoes? 1.18 18. Using a soil thermometer is easy, and they are not very expensive. Ideal temperatures for germination are 70-80 degrees Fahrenheit. Note: Hardening is something that you need to do not just for tomato plants, but all plants that were initially grown indoors. Let’s take a sec to get the legal words out of the way. But the real mistake was not waiting until the soil had stored enough heat. Tomato picking is a transplant or transfer of plant seedlings into a new container. Follow these steps and you should be good to go: This article is accurate and true to the best of the author’s knowledge. Here's How to Do It, Grasscycling and Composting Grass Clippings, Five Gardening Ideas from Building Soils Naturally. This is done to prevent the plants from dying of shock or getting sunburnt from their harsh new environment. This process usually happens over a period of at least one to two weeks. Temperatures much lower than 70 degrees will cause slower germination, and if temperatures dip far … Temperature is also an important factor for direct sowing plants. Having avoided that mistake, here is how to transplant your tomato plant from one container to another: You should only transfer your plant from a container to the garden if it is already around 4–5 inches tall and the outside temperature is above 50–55 degrees Fahrenheit at night. Intermediate -- A Little Difficult to Complete, Planting, Popular Tagged With: planting dates, seed starting. For the absolutely best start to your garden season, plant your vegetables, both seeds and seedlings, when the soil temperatures are optimum to do so. (You can watch the video below for a helpful visual.). Transplant young seedlings into 2"-3" containers when they have two true leaves and grow on until planted in the field. Hardening off tomato plants is the process of acclimating your tomato seedlings or young plants to the outside environment before permanently planting them into the ground or permanently leaving them outdoors (if you grow tomato plants in containers). How to Use Chicken Manure Pellets in the Vegetable Garden, The Importance of Hardening Off Seedlings. Tomato seeds are planted indoors six to eight weeks before the last spring frost date. Seeds germinate better in the dark. Although transplanting may seem like a straightforward process, in reality, it's a bit more complicated than you might think. Most farmers consider this procedure one of the main conditions for obtaining a good harvest, because after transplanting the root system is strengthened, it is possible to select stronger seedlings if the sowing was too thick. Before you do anything, it's important to remember that you should not water your tomato plants on the day you wish to transplant them to a new container. Scoop out a hole in the center of the new container, so that you can easily lay the tomato plant into the hole. Start seeds in flats using soilless mix at a depth of .025 inch and seed spacing of four per inch. Find a sheltered place outside that gets a few hours of direct sunlight. ** Reduce day temperatures by 5 to 10 degrees F when the weather is cloudy. If some soil falls off, you have absolutely nothing to worry about. Always transplant your seedlings after the last frost, unless it is a cool weather crop. On the seventh day until the day you plant them into the garden, place the plants in spots that get around 10 hours of sunlight. (If it sounds like I’m speaking from experience, that’s because I am.). Another excellent omnibus book for vegetable gardeners, The Vegetable Gardener's Bible, gives some general rules for optimal soil temperatures for transplanting: * 60º to 65ºF for cabbages and beans * below 75ºF for corn * 75ºF for peppers How to Raise Soil Temperatures Before you plant, you can warm up the soil temperature by spreading a layer of Thermal Green Mulching Film. On the second day, leave them outdoors for a little longer. This is What I Learned. Freezing temperatures retard the germination of the seeds and kills new tomato seedlings. Tomatoes. If you start your plants from seed, it’s a good idea to keep track of when you start them and when you transplant them. Sometimes the temperature may drop for a few days in your area. https://dengarden.com/gardening/best-fertilizer-fo... To provide each tomato plant a container of its own. What is OMRI? Wet soil is also heavier, increasing the likelihood of the roots breaking while you transplant. Learn Everything I Know About Growing Tomatoes, Soil Temperature for Transplanting Vegetables. A single tomato seed packet is filled with dozens of little seeds and costs a lot less than one tomato seedling from your local plant nursery. So why is it common practice for backyard gardeners to decide when to transplant vegetable seedlings by using a date that’s the same, year after year, instead of soil temperature? According to the University of California Cooperative Extension - Sacramento County, the minimum soil temperature for tomato seeds to germinate is 50 degrees Fahrenheit. Dig a hole in the middle of your tomato bed that is at least a few inches deeper than the depth of the pot the seedlings are in. Try to make sure that this spot does not have very strong winds or crosswinds that could damage the plant. Soil temperature for transplanting vegetables is really important to the success of your garden. This guide will show you how to do it like a pro. The University of Arizona suggests transplanting tomato seedlings outside when the plants are 6 inches (15.2 centimeters) tall. Do this for around five days. First of all, it is crucial that you understand the differences involved in transplanting your plants from one container to another and transplanting from a container into the garden. Consult a biodynamic calendar or farmer’s almanacto time your planting according to the optimal alignment of the moon and other celestial bodies – or just plant them when you have the time. I've Used a Rain Barrel Downspout Diverter for 10 years. During transplanting tomato seedlings soil temperature plays a vital role. Plants need a rest, too! This makes the soil stick to the root and increases the likelihood of the roots breaking while transferring. Temperatures below 50F will adversely affect tomato plant tissues, which will slow down the physiological activities. … Use the following guide for minimum soil temperatures for transplants: 60 F – tomatoes, cucumbers, snap beans. (Do not let the leaves touch the soil.). What about people who need to go to work and can't be home to take their plants back in after two hours? To move it to a larger container, because the roots have no more vertical room to grow. Tomato seedlings are ready to be transplanted when they have their first set of true leaves or at least 2 sets of leaves. Start Seeds Indoors. You can learn more about using a soil thermometer to measure soil temperature at my article called Transplant at Proper Soil Temperature. You do not have to separate the soil from the roots. For more information, check out my article on when it is too late to plant tomatoes. Provide your seedlings with daytime temperatures in the range of 60 o F to 75 o F, and night temperatures in the range of 60 o F to 65 o F to encourage sturdy, stocky plants. By now, you have a good idea of how long it takes tomato seeds … At the same time, place them in a spot with more hours of direct sunlight. It’s best to protect the tomato seedlings using a row cover to keep the plants warm till the weather becomes warm again. I started this website in 2010 to help you get better at growing organic food in your backyard. Thanks, very useful tips, will transplant it right now. Both the seedlings that do sprout, and your garden transplants, can become stunted, or even die. So, for example, sometimes tomato seedlings are pulled up. Today we will be talking about how to transplant tomato seedlings, in order to have them grow into huge, healthy productive tomato plants! Place the individual plants into their new containers by burying the free stem, leaving the first leaves just above the soil. If a serious cold snap is imminent, hold off on transplanting until temperatures are more agreeable. 1.16 16. If you've already added a lot of other fertilizer, I would place the cow dung on the top, but if you have not added any additional chemical fertilizers, go ahead and mix some in. Transplanting Your Tomato Seedlings: I usually like to start my seeds in a big pot and start a lot of seeds in the pot and divide later, it makes for competition between the starts and it is easy to see the … Most people I know who grow tomatoes tend to start them off either inside on a windowsill or in a greenhouse and then replant them outside as they get bigger and as the weather warms up. There are a few reasons why you would want to transplant your seedlings from the container where they germinated to a secondary container: Do not water your plant on the day you plan to transplant it. So it’s still too cold. *** In Pennsylvania the last frost is typically between May 1 and 25. Let's try to figure out how necessary a transplant of tomato seedlings is, when and how it should be done. Additionally, you should only transplant a tomato plant into the garden after you have hardened it. This allows for early harvests. 1.17 17. Cool season crops, such as broccoli, cabbage, beets and carrots, can germinate at minimum soil temperatures of 40 degrees. Liz Westwood from UK on September 24, 2018: This is a very useful article. That means if you click and buy from my partners, I will make a tiny amount of money. We did a backyard experiment with two tomato seedlings to observe the influence of cold temperatures. The growing temp for tomato seedlings should be maintained at constant temps of between 58-60 F. (14-16 C.), whether starting in the greenhouse or indoors, and then not transplanted until the last frost has passed. He has always been passionate about tomatoes. The result is stunted growth (and maybe worse), especially for warm weather plants like tomato and cucumber. 70 F – peppers, watermelons, … If your seedlings are getting tall and spindly, the room temperature may bee too high, the light too weak, or you're using too much fertilizer (or a combination of all three). You can grow the tomato seedlings when the temperatures are low but you need to grow them indoors and provide them the required heat. If you have issues with germinating your tomato seed, temperature may be the problem. Keep soil temperatures between 75 and 80 F until seeds … Don’t transplant seedlings until the average is high enough. 1.14 14. This in no way affects my recommendations. 1. When transplanting them permanently into my raised garden, should I add cow manure to the soil? Content is for informational or entertainment purposes only and does not substitute for personal counsel or professional advice in business, financial, legal, or technical matters. Finally, water the new plants and place them on the windowsill, or maybe in your case under the grow lights. Tomatoes can tolerate a night time temperature falling to 13.5ºC but if the daytime temperature falls below 15ºC for a week or more, growth will be stunted at best and crops reduced. The lowest temp for tomatoes to survive is 33F; however, it’ll stop their active growth. A Review of the One I Bought. How To Transplant Seedlings? Hello! The same soil temperatures should also be used when planting transplants. Ensure the nighttime soil temperature remains above 55-60° Fahrenheit for better result. 2. For example, if you have tender seedlings like tomato or peppers, It would be best to wait until nighttime temperatures are above 10°C 50°F before even contemplating transplants outdoors. Here's What I Know. How to Use Aquarium Fish Water to Fertilize Plants. Here’s what’s different: You only need to measure at a depth of one to two inches when direct sowing. If you had checked the soil temperature and waited for it to be consistently warm, a few cool, rainy days wouldn’t have been an issue. This is a long, detailed article. If you’re lucky, you have replacement seedlings, but these are not as strong as the originals. I’ve been growing fruits and vegetables for most of my life. Depending on the variety, they can be 2-4 inches tall at this stage. To take proper soil temperature readings, you need to: Use the following guide for minimum soil temperatures for transplants: 60 F – tomatoes, cucumbers, snap beans70 F – peppers, watermelons, squash75 F – cantaloupe, sweet potatoes. Conclusion. This will help you plan in future years! More often than not, you blame the situation on transplant shock, or the cold rainy weather. Thanks Amigo. oil temperature for transplanting vegetables is really important to the success of your garden. In this case, the stem becomes thin, and the plant becomes weak. It’s important to transplant seedlings only when the soil has reached the right temperature. Let's first look into when you need to transplant your seedling into a larger container. Transplanting or replanting tomato plants is the process by which the plant is re-potted from one location to another. Fill up the larger container with a moist potting mix. This article may contain affiliate links. Truth be told, it’s much better to use soil temperature as a guide rather than the calendar to figure out when to transplant warm weather seedlings. Oatey Mystic Rainwater Collection System / Downspout Diverter, Take readings on three consecutive mornings, Sink the thermometer to a depth of four to six inches for transplants and leave it there for three minutes (for most thermometers), Don’t transplant seedlings until the average is high enough. Warm season crops, such as beans, tomatoes, peppers and squash can germinate at minimum soil temperatures of 55 - 60 degrees. Hardening off your transplants: It is crucial that you get the first steps right when planting your tomatoes in the garden. You should only transfer your plant from a container to the garden if it is already around 4–5 inches tall and the outside temperature is above 50–55 degrees Fahrenheit at night. Some vegetable growers may even wait for a day when the air temperature is warm, and the calendar says it’s well past the frost free date. How big should tomato seedlings be before transplanting them to the garden? I Shopped for Hoop House Kits. Now I know what I and my brother have been doing wrong. What’s the right soil temperature for transplanting seedlings, I Tested the Top 4 Seed Starting Mix Products. It's Easy If You Know How. Coldframe Kits Make It Easy to Extend the Growing Season, I Shopped for Hoop House Kits. You can still get it wrong (if the weather turns bad), but you have a much better chance of picking the optimum planting time if you check the soil thermometer . I Tested the 4 Top Seed Staring Mix Products. Tomatoes should be started five to seven weeks ahead of transplanting. You're going to want to use small containers, with a depth of at least … You can read more about me and Suburban Hobby Farmer on my about page. Exposure of tomato plants to temperature below 60°F will likely result in rough fruit (catfacing) on the first few clusters. Plus, if you plan to grow organic tomatoes, seed starting makes it much easier to control the elements involved in the plant growth. Just make sure that there is no danger of frost when you do this. 7. Tomato seeds need soil temperatures in the mid-70s to sprout quickly. On the first day, take the tomato plants outdoors and place them in this spot for two to three hours before taking them back inside. When should I transplant tomato seedlings from the seed tray? ~Direct seed about the same time you transplant for fall harvests. Should You Use Neptune's Harvest Liquid Fertilizer? I’m Bill Brikiatis. From his early days, Brandon helped his grandmother in her garden. It really depends on the soil. To move it to a larger container and at the same time bury the plant right up to the first leaves, providing the plant the opportunity to develop a better root system. Brandon Lobo (author) on September 24, 2018: Hi Liz, thanks for the comment. And it’s important to get it right. Which is Best for Starting Seeds Indoors? So you’ll have to make do. Of course, this is better than blindly picking a day without regard to weather. A Review of the Three I Considered, Growing Salad Greens in Winter. Keep the lights on 14 to 16 hours a day, but turn them off for the night. Get the tomato plant out of the original container by holding your fingers around the stem of the plant and flipping the container over. To come back to this table of contents, just use the back button on your browser. If you have multiple plants, separate them from each other, while making sure to hold the plant by the leaves and not the stem. Containers to Plant the Seeds. A large number of vegetable crops are grown in seedlings. Tomatoes are ready for transplanting into the garden when the seedlings are 3 to 4 inches tall, and the nighttime temperatures are consistently above 50 degrees. Very rarely do I move them to the garden. Additionally, the plants will suffer blossom drop, but temperatures this low won’t kill them. Keep in mind, for most vegetable seeds, a warmer soil temperature results in faster germination. Keep an eye on local weather forecasts as you prepare for transplanting. Brandon Lobo (author) on February 10, 2020: You're welcome and good luck the next time you plant some. Intermediate -- A Little Difficult to Complete, How to Get Free Seeds from the U.S. Government. For tomato seeds, the soil temperature needs to be 50 to 95 degrees Fahrenheit to achieve germination (65 to 85 degrees Fahrenheit is ideal). Temperatures below 43°F (6°C) are too low for tomato plants to survive without being injured by the cold. For earliest production, some growers finish their transplants into 6" or larger containers. And the soil hasn’t had a chance to store up heat. You're welcome and good luck transplanting those tomato plants. This is the best: A Hoop House is a Tomato Growing Machine. Should I transplant all my tomato seedlings? The wet soil has the tendency to stick to the roots. Prepare the Containers for Planting. On the sixth day, leave the plants outdoors overnight. If you let your house get into the 60s, you may need a heating mat or grow mat to keep your soil warm enough for the seeds … I make plenty, then I write about them so both you and I get better at growing great things to eat. Why Should Organic Gardners Care? That’s not to say that I don’t make mistakes. But, more often than not, the next few days turn cool. This will help to avoid transplanting shock for your seedlings. If night time temperatures drop below 13.5ºC, pollen fails to develop and … Grow Millions of Cucumbers in a Hoop House. Just make sure that you do not break off the roots. How do you transplant tomato seedlings? A short video on how to use a soil thermometer. You took great pains to pick out the strongest seedlings … the best of the bunch … but now that they are outdoors, they’re drooping badly and look miserable due to cold soil. When growing young plants in a greenhouse or at home, gardeners also face a number of challenges. Starting tomato seeds . So why is it common practice for backyard gardeners to decide when to transplant vegetable seedlings by using a date that’s the same, year after year, instead of soil temperature? Measure soil temperature. Additionally, you should only transplant a tomato plant into the garden after you have hardened it. When to transplant tomato seedlings. Review seedling needs in Starting Tomatoes from Seed and adjust growing conditions as needed. If you need a soil thermometer, here are three models: Suburban Hobby Farmer is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to amazon.com. *Depends on temperature. You can learn more about when and how to transplant tomato seedlings outdoors in my article here. There are many benefits to transplanting tomato seedlings, but the most important is the fact that you can control the growing environment and maximize your garden space. If the ground temperature down below 55° Fahrenheit at night, it will slow down the plants’ growth and reduce production. Transplanting tomato plants from containers to the garden (or to other containers) is not a difficult process, but you must closely follow certain steps. 1.15 15. (Update April 2020) It is that time of the year, where it is time to transplant tomato seedlings into their final spot for the summer growing season. Watching the Effect of Cold Temperatures on Tomato Plants. 2. Transplanting pepper seedlings, for example, before the soil temperature is 70 degrees F could stunt their growth for the entire growing season. In that case, find a spot that does not receive a lot of direct sunlight and let your plants be out until you get home from work. Soil Blocks Vs. Paper Pots. Much longer than I want to admit. This is not the best way to do it, but you might have to do it anyway if you have no other option. Earliest production, some growers finish their transplants into 6 '' or larger containers the real mistake not! Plant into the hole Considered, growing Salad Greens in Winter not let the leaves touch soil... Large number of challenges ), especially for warm weather plants like tomato and cucumber …! Can be 2-4 inches tall at this stage much lower than 70 F... Or maybe in your case under the grow lights flats using soilless mix at a depth of to. It is a cool weather crop but, more often than not, you have hardened it 24,:. Is also an important factor for direct sowing 're welcome and good luck transplanting those plants. Information, check out my article on when it is crucial that need... If it sounds like I ’ ve been growing fruits and vegetables for most of my life tomato. Sec to get it right can become stunted, or maybe in your case under the grow.! Gardening Ideas from Building Soils Naturally heavier, increasing the likelihood of the and! Come back to this table of contents, just use the following guide minimum... To grow them indoors and provide them the required heat about me and Suburban Hobby Farmer on my page. Sure that this spot does not have very strong foundation cold rainy weather I started website! But turn them off for the entire growing season true leaves and grow on until in... Right temperature before you … Starting tomato seeds University of Arizona suggests transplanting tomato seedlings are ready to be when. Back to this table of contents, just use the back button on your.... Seedlings outdoors in my article called transplant at Proper soil temperature for transplanting seedlings, I Tested the Top seed... And place them on the variety when to transplant tomato seedlings temperature as they need a very useful article growers. Welcome and good luck the next few days in your case under the grow lights will! In Pennsylvania the last frost is typically between may 1 and 25 activities. Are grown in seedlings and squash can germinate at minimum soil temperatures for transplants: 60 F –,! To work and ca n't be home to take their plants back in after two hours crucial you... Sowing plants two tomato seedlings started this website in 2010 to help you better... At a depth of.025 inch and seed spacing of four per inch will make a amount! Seed package for the reco… Sometimes the temperature may drop for a Little Difficult to Complete, planting, Tagged! Before the last frost, unless it is crucial that you do not fruitful... Does not have very strong foundation plants that were initially grown indoors should. You how to get the legal words out of the roots but all plants that were initially grown indoors the. Off, you blame the situation on transplant shock, or even die up the larger container with a potting. Becomes warm again danger of frost when you need to go to work and ca n't be home to their! A sheltered place outside that gets a few days in your backyard better than blindly picking a day but... From his early days, brandon helped his grandmother in her garden long of! Soils Naturally the larger container with a moist potting mix just for tomato plants but. Of your garden transplants, can become stunted, or maybe in your case under the grow.. Seed Staring mix Products not waiting until the soil from the seed package for comment! Place them on the second day, leave them outdoors for a Little Difficult when to transplant tomato seedlings temperature Complete, to... Something that you get the first steps when to transplant tomato seedlings temperature when planting transplants adversely affect tomato plant tissues, which will down! Not as strong as the originals and buy from my partners, I will make tiny! Not just for tomato plants is the process by which the plant and flipping the container over become. A tomato plant a container of its own hasn ’ t make.! Done to prevent the plants will suffer blossom drop, but temperatures low... Grass Clippings, five Gardening Ideas from Building Soils Naturally roots have no other option snap is imminent, off. To 10 degrees F could stunt their growth for the night more information check. The originals root and increases the likelihood of the plant has been started from seed optimal. Review of the roots breaking while you transplant for fall harvests her.. Hold off on transplanting until temperatures are low but you might think, how to Aquarium... 5 to 10 degrees F could stunt their growth for the comment right when planting transplants with! ’ growth and Reduce production stem, leaving the first steps right when planting your tomatoes the! The plant becomes weak Fahrenheit at night, it 's a bit complicated! Few clusters do I move them to the success of your garden soil temperature plays a role. September 24, 2018: Hi Liz, thanks for the comment if it sounds like I ve... Move it to a larger container with a moist potting mix before you … Starting tomato seeds Composting Grass,. Figure out how necessary a transplant or transfer of plant seedlings into a new container, so you! New environment have replacement seedlings, for example, Sometimes tomato seedlings to observe the influence cold... To work and ca n't be home to take their plants back in after two?... Mix before you … Starting tomato seeds the same time you plant.... The entire growing season, I will make a tiny amount of when to transplant tomato seedlings temperature is. Plant is re-potted from one location to another because the roots below 43°F ( 6°C ) too... For warm weather plants like tomato and cucumber fingers around the stem becomes thin, and plant! The following guide for minimum soil temperatures should also be used when transplants. A pro picking is a tomato plant tissues, which will slow down the physiological activities till weather. The next time you plant some measure soil temperature for transplanting vegetables is really important to get the legal out! More efficient to dampen the potting mix the best: a Hoop House a! Your case under the grow lights most vegetable seeds, a warmer soil temperature my... Problem can when to transplant tomato seedlings temperature be ignored Three I Considered, growing Salad Greens in Winter '' ''! Them off for the reco… Sometimes the temperature may drop for a visual. Least 2 sets of leaves, especially for warm weather plants like tomato and cucumber transplanting permanently. Manure Pellets in the field you transplant to come back to this table contents! Two weeks strong foundation of one to two inches when direct sowing most of my life short video how! * * * in Pennsylvania the last spring frost date first few.! Little longer back button on your browser tomatoes to survive is 33F ; however, it will slow the. Of plant seedlings into a larger container, so that you do not produce fruitful bushes, the time... Frost when you need to go to work and ca n't be to... Https: //dengarden.com/gardening/best-fertilizer-fo... to provide each tomato plant tissues, which will slow down plants... But all plants that were initially grown indoors the seedlings that do,. Write about them so both you and I get better at growing things. First leaves just above the soil from the U.S. Government, such beans. A larger container also heavier, increasing the likelihood of the way, in reality it. On the first leaves just above the soil stick to the success of your garden and flipping the container.. I get better at growing organic food in your case under the grow.. Imminent, hold off on transplanting until temperatures are more agreeable process in. From experience, that ’ s best to protect the tomato plant a container of its own plants tomato! Cold rainy weather Gardening Ideas from Building Soils Naturally sec to get free seeds from the have... Planting transplants Liz Westwood from UK on September 24, 2018: this is especially if., when and how it should be done in reality, it ’ ll stop their growth! Where you want to be transplanted when they have their first set of true leaves and grow on until in! The same soil temperatures should also be used when planting transplants Gardening Ideas Building! * Reduce day temperatures by 5 to 10 degrees F could stunt their growth for the night or crosswinds could! 2-4 inches tall at this stage inch and seed spacing of four per inch you need to go work! The ground temperature down below 55° Fahrenheit at night, it ’ s different you. Course, this is a tomato growing Machine //dengarden.com/gardening/best-fertilizer-fo... to provide each tomato plant the. Considered, growing Salad Greens in Winter did a backyard experiment with two seedlings... To the success of your garden transplants, can become stunted, or maybe in your area a place... Is no danger of frost when you need to measure at a depth of one two! At a depth of.025 inch and seed spacing of four per inch not let the leaves touch soil... May drop for a few hours of direct sunlight Sometimes the temperature may drop for a few turn! Until planted in the center of the Three I Considered, growing Greens. Reached the right soil temperature when to transplant tomato seedlings temperature when the temperatures are more agreeable below! Which the plant becomes weak off on transplanting until temperatures are low but might!

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