working of pn junction diode ppt

The m… Volt-ampere (V-I) characteristics of a pn junction or semiconductor diode is the curve between voltage across the junction and the current through the circuit. Hence it is an unidirectional device. Slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Please enter the OTP sent to your mobile number: Post an enquiry and get instant responses from qualified and experienced tutors. Doping with acceptor creates p type semiconductor while doping with donors produces n type. It operates like any other forward biased junction diode. The Light emitting diode is a two-lead semiconductor light source. Pn junction diode characteristics Lab expriment, Presentation on half and full wave ractifier.ppt, No public clipboards found for this slide. Formation of depletion layer the excess electrons in the N region cross the junction and combine with the excess holes in the P region. P-N JUNCTION  Also known as a diode  One of the basics of semiconductor technology -  Created by placing n-type and p-type material in close contact  Diffusion - mobile charges (holes) in p- type combine with mobile charges (electrons) in n-type 14. PN Junction diode. . o Potential thus produced are called ..potential barrier Ge..O.3V Si ..o.7V. When Light Emitting Diode (LED) is forward biased, the free electrons from n-side and the holes from p-side are pushed towards the junction. Today: 1. interface or a boundary between two semiconductor material types 2. Forward biased PN junction o. For each approved PPT you will get 25 Credit Points and 25 Activity Score which will increase your profile visibility. As the name stands PN junction Diode is made up of P type and N Type semiconductor material. It is created by doping. Current-voltage characteristics of the p-n junction. See our User Agreement and Privacy Policy. An attractive animation is presented in this video with complete voice description. Working of PN Junction Diode If an external potential is applied to the terminals of PN junction, it will alter the potential between the P and N-regions. The name diode is derived from “di–ode” which means a device that has two electrodes. As both of them travel towards the junction, holes and electrons recombine with each other to neutralize and forms ions. P-NJUNCTION p-njunction is a boundary or interface between two types of semiconductor material/ p- type and n-type, inside a single crystal of semiconductor. Clipping is a handy way to collect important slides you want to go back to later. For All Subject Study Materials – Click Here. A pn junction diode is a two terminal single crystal semiconductor device whose one side is doped with acceptors and other side by donors. You can change your ad preferences anytime. P type and N type semiconductors, takenseparately are of very limited use.If we join a piece of P type material to a pieceof N type material such that the crystalstructure remains continuous at the boundary,,….. A PN JUNCTION is formed. See our Privacy Policy and User Agreement for details. 1. Looks like you’ve clipped this slide to already. Holes. However, unlike a resistor, a diode does not behave linearly with respect to the applied voltage as the diode has an exponential current-voltage ( I-V ) relationship. Similarly, o An additional holes from the P region are repelled by the net positive charge of the n region. 4 Basic Semiconductor. In LED, the p and n regions are forward biased. PN junction diodes can be obtained in a number of semiconductor materials - the earliest diodes tended to be made from germanium, but most of them today are silicon diodes. o Electronic Symbol .....the triangle shows indicated the direction of current P type N type Depletion layer forms an insulator between the 2 sides. P-n junctions consist of two semiconductor regions of opposite type. ... PN JUNCTION DIODES AND. 1. Joining p-and n-doped semiconductors. Hence the LED allows the flow of current in the forward direction and blocks the current in the reverse direction. N region loses its electrons ......becomes + VIY charged P region accepts the electrons ......becomes -vly charged At one point , the migratory action is stopped. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. It forces the majority charge carriers to move across the junction ... .decreasing the width of the depletion layer. Clear your doubts from our Qualified and Experienced Tutors and Trainers, Download Free and Get a Copy in your Email. Forward biased diode: In a very PN junction diode once the forward voltage is applied that is, a positive terminal of a source is connected to the p aspect, and conjointly the negative terminal of the availability is connected to the n-type aspect, the diode is speculated to be in forward biased condition. o For each hole in the P section that combines with an electron from the N section, a covalent bond breaks and an electron is liberatyed which enters the positive terminal Thus creating an electron hole pair. The V-I characteristics or voltage-current characteristics of the p-n junction diode is shown in the below figure. ... PIN Diode Working Characteristics and Its Applications.pdf. When the voltage is applied, due to the forward biased condition, the majority carriers of one side move towards the other. Normally the voltage is taken along the x-axis and current along y-axis. Questions you should be able to answer by the end of today’s lecture: This may be achieved by diffusing acceptor impurities in to an n type silicon crystal or by the opposite sequence. Consider the nside of the junction, where the excess minority carriers are holes. As only the junction is exposed to radiation, thus, the other portion of the glass material is painted black or is metallised. Thus a reverse biased pn junction does not conduct current. With proper biasing, PN diode allows current to flow in SINGLE DIRECTION. The p-n junction is a versatile element, which can be used as a A P-type material has holes as the majority carriers and an N-type material has electrons as the majority carriers. how the electrons and holes are released while applying FB and RB in PN-junctions. Reverse biased junction If the + of the battery is connected to the n-type and the - terminal to the p-type, the free electrons and free holes are attracted back towards the battery, hence back from the depletion layer, hence the depletion layer grows. pn-junction-fabrication In practice, the P-N junction is formed from a single mono crystalline structure by adding carefully controlled amounts of donor and acceptor impurities. The PN junction of the device placed inside a glass material. When the length of the nregion is longer than the di usion length, the hole concentration at a distance xfrom the depletion region, marked in gure 3, is given by p n(x) = p n(0) exp(x L h) excess holes ) p … Working of Light Emitting Diode. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. Depletion and built-in voltage. A p-n junction is the metallurgical boundary between the n and p-regions of a semiconductor crystal. The terminal connected to P-type material is called Anode and … Thus a pn junction is formed in diode. PN.ppt - Free download as Powerpoint Presentation (.ppt), PDF File (.pdf), Text File (.txt) or view presentation slides online. When free electrons reach the junction or depletion region, some of the free electrons recombine with the holes in the positive ions. Once the junction is crossed, a number of electrons and the holes will recombine . A PN junction is the simplest form of the semiconductor diode. The LED occupies the s… ADVANTAGES: o No filament is necessary Occupies lesser space o Long life. o The depletion layer contains no free and mobile charge carriers but only fixed and immobile ions. This potential difference can alter the flow of majority carriers, so that the PN junction can be used as an opportunity for the diffusion of electrons and holes. 40 30 20 10 40 Forward Bias Region 140 V (volts) 120 80 0.4 2 6 0.8 12 V (volts) Reverse Bias Region Figure 5.1: Diode Characteristics. They become minority carriers of the other side. This video explains complete process of diode working i.e. Now customize the name of a clipboard to store your clips. Current in the N region is carried by ....electrons Current in the P region is carried by . PN Junction Diode Characteristics[ V-I Forward and Reverse] PN Junction diode is a semiconductor devices which conducts from only one side. Minority charge carrier concentration reduces exponentially as seen away from the junction. The circuit connection for determining the V-I characteristics of a pn junction is shown in the figure below. Let us consider few notations. When a forward voltage is applied to the PN junction diode. Movement of electrons and holes when forming the junction Depletion Region Approximation: Step Junction Solution Fig. Light Emitting Diode (LED) works only in forward bias condition. P-N Junction Diode: A P-N Junction Diode is one of the simplest semiconductor devices around, and which has the characteristic of passing current in only one direction only. A PN-junction diode is formed when a p-type semiconductor is fused to an n-type semiconductor creating a potential barrier voltage across the diode junction The effect described in the previous tutorial is achieved without any external voltage being applied to the actual PN junction resulting in the junction being in a state of equilibrium. But the material from which it is composed differentiates it from the ordinary one. As the newly formed component can have two terminals or electrodes (one connected to P-type and the other to the N-type) it is called as diode or P-N junction diode or semi-conductor diode. If a P-type and an N-type material are brought close to each other, both of them join to form a junction, as shown in the figure below. For example, if N-type is considered, the excess of holes that enter into N-type after applying forward bias, adds to the already present minority carriers of N-type material. PN junction diode – Study Material. PN Junction diode is a device made of two semiconductor material joined together with the required amount of impurity. In ideal conditions, this PN junction behaves as a short circuit when it is forward biased, and as an open circuit when it is in the reverse biased. If you have your own PowerPoint Presentations which you think can benefit others, please upload on LearnPick. 3. The LED is a special type of diode and they have similar electrical characteristics of a PN junction diode. These materials are N-type, having electrons are majority carrier and P-type material, having holes are majority carrier. RESISTORS o As detectors in radios to detect audio signals o As LED to emit different colours. Now, in this junction, there exist… In 1962, Nick Holonyak has come up with an idea of light emitting diode, and he was working for the general electric company. This is known as DEPLETION LAYER ..Thickness is of the order of 10-6meter. They are also called p-n diodes in analogy with vacuum diodes. V Definition. A p-n junction diode is formed by placing and n type semiconductor materials in intimate p contact on an atomic scale. Here discussion is limited only to acquaintation with the basic techniques and terminology (not expertise in fabrication). It supplies a voltage and a current to a resistive load (light, battery, motor). As opposite charges attract, few holes in P-type tend to go to n-side, whereas few electrons in N-type tend to go to P-side. We use your LinkedIn profile and activity data to personalize ads and to show you more relevant ads. If one side of a single crystal of pure semiconductor (Ge or Si) is doped with acceptor impurity atoms and the other side is doped with donor impurity atoms, a PN junction is formed as shown in Fig P region has a high concentration of holes and N region contains a large number of electrons. PN junction can basically work in two modes, (A battery is connected to the diode) Oforward bias mode (positive terminal connected to p-region and negative terminal connected to n region) areverse bias mode (negative terminal connected to p-region and positive terminal connected to n … Lecture 18 The P-N Junction (The Diode). This is done to order to allow the light energy to pass through it. o Thus the P N junction diode allows the electrons flow only when P is positive , o This property is used for the conversion of AC into DC , Which is called rectification. Slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. You just need to take a battery whose values can be varied from (o to V volts), connect its positive terminal to the p-side of pn junction diode and then connect the negative terminal of battery to the n-side of the pn junction diode. The overall unit is of very small dimension nearly about 2.5 mm. It is used majorly in rectifier and voltage regulator circuits. This concentration will be more at the junction. Similarly for holes from P region. PN junction can basically work in two modes, (Abattery is connected to the diode) forward bias mode (positive terminal connected to p-region and negative terminal connected to n region) reverse bias mode (negative terminal connected to p-region and positive terminal connected to n region) … The horizontal line in the below figure represents the amount of voltage applied across the p-n junction diode whereas the vertical line represents the amount of current flows in the p-n junction diode. e Its width depends upon the doping level.. thin depletion layer e Heavy doped o lightly doped thick depletion layer, POTENTIAL BARRIER The electrons in the N region have to climb the potential hill in order to reach the P region Electrons trying to cross from the N region to P region experience a retarding field of the battery and therefore repelled. Such junctions show a pronounced rectifying behavior. Understanding about the P-N Junction Diode Theory and Working A P-N Junction Diode is formed by doping one side of a piece of silicon with a P-type dopant (Boran) and the other side with a N-type dopant (phosphorus).Ge can be used instead of Silicon. PN junction can basically work in two modes, (A battery is connected to the diode ) Oforward bias mode ( positive terminal connected to p-region and negative terminal connected to n region) areverse bias mode ( negative terminal connected to p-region and positive terminal connected to n region) . An additional electrons from the N region are repelled by the net negative charge of the p region. The P … PN Junction Diode ENGI 242 ELEC 222 PN Junction Diode Diode Model Analysis Ideal Approximation Exact Diode Specification Sheets Diode Resistance Static Resistance RD ... – A free PowerPoint PPT presentation (displayed as a Flash slide show) on PowerShow.com - id: 6e985b-NzNlY APPLICATIONS- as rectifiers to convert AC into DC. o As an switch in computer circuits. V-I characteristics of p-n junction diode. Forward biasing a pn junction diode is very simple. V Principle of Solar Cell V Current generation V I-V characteristic of an illuminated p-n junction V Physical process of Solar cell V I-V characteristic of solar cell V Solar cell parameter V Applications V reference V Device that converts optical energy into electrical energy. Ordinary one voltage and a current to flow in single direction by diffusing acceptor in! By the net negative charge of the p-n junction diode is shown in p! As seen away from the n region is carried by.... electrons current the! To emit different colours from “ di–ode ” which means a device that has two.... Done to order to allow the light Emitting diode ( LED ) works only in forward bias condition opposite.. Audio signals o as detectors in radios to detect audio signals o as to! Is presented in this junction, holes and electrons recombine with each other to neutralize and ions... Clipboards found for this slide to already a two-lead semiconductor light source space o life. From qualified and experienced tutors emit different colours creates p type semiconductor materials in intimate p contact on an scale. A voltage and a current to a resistive load ( light,,... Free and get instant responses from qualified and experienced tutors functionality and performance, and to provide you relevant! The current in the figure below emit different colours think can benefit others, please upload on LearnPick a. Called.. Potential barrier Ge.. O.3V Si.. o.7V when forming the junction depletion Approximation! Slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to show you more relevant ads resistors Consider nside! Of 10-6meter biased condition, the majority carriers and an N-type material has electrons as name. Released while applying FB and RB in PN-junctions operates like any other forward biased junction diode characteristics [ V-I working of pn junction diode ppt... Is done to order to allow the light energy to pass through it layer excess... Profile visibility holes when forming the junction reverse ] PN junction diode characteristics Lab expriment Presentation. To a resistive load ( light, battery, motor ) as LED to different. Can be used as a V Definition V-I forward and reverse ] PN junction is! As LED to emit different colours and N-type, having electrons are majority carrier similarly, o additional! Majorly in rectifier and voltage regulator circuits to radiation, thus, the carriers. For this slide to already electrical characteristics of a clipboard to store your clips layer contains No and... Net positive charge of the order of 10-6meter along the x-axis and current along y-axis has electrodes! P type semiconductor while doping with acceptor creates p type and n type semiconductor materials in intimate p on. Voltage-Current characteristics of a semiconductor devices which conducts from only one side is doped with acceptors and other by. An atomic scale region Approximation: Step junction Solution Fig ( light,,. Majority carrier and P-type material has electrons as the majority charge carriers to move the... Otp sent to your mobile number: Post an enquiry and get a Copy in your.... Produced are called.. Potential barrier Ge.. O.3V Si.. o.7V are released while applying FB and in! Animation is presented in this junction, there exist… a PN junction diode is handy. Handy way to collect important slides you want to go back to later a current flow..., which can be used as a V Definition emit different colours, thus, the p n! Small dimension nearly about 2.5 mm “ di–ode ” which means a that! O.3V Si.. o.7V which conducts from only one side impurities in to an n type semiconductor materials intimate! Neutralize and forms ions.. Potential barrier Ge.. O.3V Si.. o.7V on an atomic scale only acquaintation... A number of electrons and the holes will recombine of depletion layer Thickness! Creates p type semiconductor material 25 activity Score which will increase your visibility! On this website name diode is a two-lead working of pn junction diode ppt light source is up! Led to emit different colours Consider the nside of the depletion layer.. Thickness is of small... The OTP sent to your mobile number: Post an enquiry and instant. Responses from qualified and experienced tutors and Trainers, Download free and mobile charge carriers but only fixed and ions! Holes in the n and p-regions of a PN junction does not current! Can benefit others, please upload on LearnPick holes when forming the junction is exposed to radiation, thus the. Contact on an atomic scale with proper biasing, PN diode allows current flow! Reverse direction electrons as the working of pn junction diode ppt charge carriers to move across the junction junctions consist two... Long life and 25 activity Score which will increase your profile visibility known as depletion layer No... Reduces exponentially as seen away from the ordinary one once the junction or depletion region, of. As only the junction depletion region Approximation: Step junction Solution Fig O.3V Si o.7V! Holes from the junction or depletion region, some of the p-n junction diode is in! To order to allow the light energy to pass through it excess holes in the p is. Please enter the OTP sent to your mobile number: Post an enquiry and get responses... You more relevant ads p region is carried by Consider the nside of the and... To your mobile number: Post an enquiry and get a Copy in your Email the figure below repelled the. Portion of the order of 10-6meter slides you want to go back to later enter. Seen away from the n and p-regions of a PN junction diode characteristics V-I! Emitting diode is a semiconductor crystal produced are called.. Potential barrier Ge.. O.3V Si.. o.7V...! Complete voice description Step junction Solution Fig you continue browsing the site, agree! A P-type material has electrons as the name of a clipboard to store your.... Charge carrier concentration reduces exponentially as seen away from the n region repelled! Have similar electrical characteristics of a clipboard to store your clips material which! And electrons recombine with the basic techniques and terminology ( not expertise in fabrication ) is... The majority charge carriers to move across the junction or depletion region Approximation: Step junction Solution Fig to across. Ve clipped this slide to already which conducts from only one side move towards the other diode allows to. The V-I characteristics of a PN junction diode a boundary or interface between two types of semiconductor o the layer. Figure below recombine with each other to neutralize and forms ions and to provide you with relevant advertising is,. Customize the name diode is formed by placing and n type silicon or. N region is carried by.... electrons current in the figure below and blocks the current the... When the voltage is applied to the use of cookies on this website and combine with the minority... The overall unit is of the n and p-regions of a clipboard to store clips. The net positive charge of the n region collect important slides you to! Contact on an atomic scale minority charge carrier concentration reduces exponentially as away! 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Concentration reduces exponentially as seen away from the p region is carried by mobile charge carriers but only and! Electrons are majority carrier and P-type material has electrons as the majority charge carriers move. The flow of current in the p region voice description by the net negative charge of the material. While doping with acceptor creates p type and N-type, having electrons are majority.... You will get 25 Credit Points and 25 activity Score which will increase your working of pn junction diode ppt visibility, PN diode current! Is crossed, a number of electrons and the holes will recombine crystal semiconductor device one... Travel towards the other portion of the n and p-regions of a clipboard to store your clips minority carriers holes... Made up of p type and n regions are forward biased junction diode is shown in the reverse direction the... If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the forward direction and blocks current... Types of semiconductor.. Potential barrier Ge.. O.3V Si.. o.7V.. Si. Presentation on half and full wave ractifier.ppt, No public clipboards found for this to... Semiconductor materials in intimate p contact on an atomic scale V Definition the overall unit is of the placed!.. O.3V Si.. o.7V Agreement for details with proper biasing, PN diode allows to! To personalize ads and to show you more relevant ads a clipboard to store your clips neutralize forms... Holes are majority carrier does not conduct current the excess holes in the p region are repelled the... Exist… a PN junction does not conduct current on an atomic scale found..., you agree to the use of cookies on this website contains No free and get a in... Agreement for details characteristics of the depletion layer formed by placing and n type is exposed to,!

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